Scenario Planning

How to Build
and Run a Scenario

Create what-if scenarios modeling revenue changes, contract wins and losses, and cost adjustments—then compare them side-by-side to stress test EBITDA, covenant compliance, and cash flow.

8 min read Platform Guide

Before You Start

Step 1—Navigate to Scenario Planning

From the main navigation, select Scenario Planning. Three tabs are available:

TabPurpose
Build ScenariosCreate scenarios and add adjustments
Compare ResultsSide-by-side scenario comparison
Covenant DashboardStress test covenant compliance across scenarios

Step 2—Understand the Base Case

The Base Case is automatically created and marked with a star (⭐). It represents your current forecast with no adjustments—your P&L, EBITDA, debt service, and covenant metrics as they stand today.

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You cannot edit the Base Case. It refreshes automatically when you run Compute All from the Dashboard. Every scenario you create is measured against it.

Step 3—Create a New Scenario

  1. Click the New Scenario expander on the Build Scenarios tab.
  2. Enter a name (e.g., "Downside—20% Revenue Loss") and optional description.
  3. Click Create Scenario.

The system assigns a color to the scenario for chart identification. You can create as many scenarios as you need.

Step 4—Add Adjustments

Each adjustment is a single lever that modifies one dimension of your financials. The levers are designed to not overlap—each touches a specific part of the P&L without affecting other levers.

Revenue Adjustments

Revenue % Change

Increases or decreases all revenue by a percentage. Direct costs, labor, and fringe cascade proportionally. Best for broad market changes ("Federal spending drops 15%") or growth assumptions.

What cascades automatically: direct costs scale proportionally, direct labor scales with direct costs, fringe recalculates based on new labor base, bonus auto-adjusts based on the gross profit impact.

Revenue $ Change

Same as above but you enter a fixed dollar amount. Use when you have a specific dollar impact in mind (e.g., "−$2,000,000 from losing a specific task order").

Labor & Cost Adjustments

Indirect Labor % Change

Changes indirect labor costs only (overhead staff, G&A staff, BD staff). Does not affect direct labor or revenue. Fringe recalculates based on the new indirect labor base. Use this to model headcount reductions in overhead, hiring freezes, or G&A expansion.

Indirect Non-Labor % Change

Changes non-labor, non-calculated indirect costs: facilities, indirect expenses, and unallowable costs. The percentage distributes proportionally across these three categories based on their base case ratio.

This lever does NOT touch revenue, direct costs, labor, fringe, or bonus—those have their own levers. Use it for cost reduction initiatives (consolidating offices) or modeling higher costs (new office lease).

Fringe Rate Override

Replaces the base fringe rate with a new rate for this scenario. Use for sensitivity analysis on benefits costs, modeling a workforce mix shift, or testing the impact of a plan design change.

Bonus Pool $ Change

Directly sets the bonus pool change vs. the base case.

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This overrides the automatic bonus calculation. By default, when you change revenue, the system auto-adjusts bonus based on the GP impact. If you add a bonus override, your entered amount replaces that auto-calculation entirely.

Contract Adjustments

These are the most powerful levers because they're time-aware—they prorate revenue and cost to the exact months that fall within each fiscal year.

Win a Contract

Two input modes:

How it calculates:

Monthly Revenue = Ceiling / Duration (months)
FY Revenue = Monthly Revenue × Months Active in That FY
FY Cost = FY Revenue × (1 - Margin%)

Example: Win a $1.2M / 18-month contract starting July 2025 at 30% GP:
  FY2025 (Jul–Sep):  3 months → $200K revenue, $140K cost
  FY2026 (Oct–Sep): 12 months → $800K revenue, $560K cost
  FY2027 (Oct–Dec):  3 months → $200K revenue, $140K cost

Lose a Contract

Models losing one or more existing contracts. Revenue and cost are removed from the loss date forward using the contract's actual forecast data.

  1. Select one or more contracts from the multi-select dropdown.
  2. For each contract, choose loss timing: End of PoP (uses the contract's period of performance end date) or Specific Date (you pick the month).

Custom Net Income Adjustment

Adds or subtracts a dollar amount directly to net income—no P&L structure changes. Use for one-time items that don't fit other categories: litigation settlements, asset disposals, executive bonuses outside the normal structure, or acquisition-related costs.

Step 5—The Non-Overlapping Design

LeverWhat It TouchesWhat It Leaves Alone
Revenue % / $Revenue, direct costs, direct labor, fringe (via labor), bonus (via GP)Indirect labor, facilities, indirect expense
Indirect Labor %Indirect labor, fringe (via IL labor base)Revenue, direct costs, facilities, bonus
Indirect Non-Labor %Facilities, indirect expense, unallowableRevenue, labor, fringe, bonus
Bonus OverrideBonus pool onlyEverything else
Fringe Rate OverrideFringe calculation rateAll dollar amounts directly
Contract Win/LossRevenue and cost (time-aware)Indirect structure
Custom NINet income onlyP&L structure

If you add both a 15% revenue increase and an 8% indirect cost reduction to the same scenario, the system processes them independently with no overlap and no double-counting.

Step 6—Compute the Scenario

Once your adjustments are configured, click Compute Scenario. The system loads the base case P&L, applies each adjustment in sequence, runs the fringe cascade, runs the LOC rebalancing waterfall, and computes covenant metrics.

Step 7—Compare Results

Switch to the Compare Results tab. Use the multi-select dropdown to choose scenarios. Select a fiscal year with the slider.

Six metric tiles appear for each scenario:

MetricWhat It Tells You
RevenueTotal revenue—green delta = more revenue than base
Gross ProfitRevenue minus direct costs
Adj. EBITDAThe covenant numerator—earnings before interest, taxes, D&A
Net IncomeBottom line after all costs
DSCREBITDA / Annual Debt Service—higher is better; below 1.2x = covenant risk
LeverageFunded Debt / Adj. EBITDA—lower is better; above 3.5x = covenant risk

Expand the P&L Comparison to see the full income statement line-by-line for each scenario side by side, with deltas from the base case. Expand EBITDA & Net Income Trends to see how the impact compounds or recovers over multiple years.

Understanding the LOC Rebalancing Waterfall

This runs automatically behind the scenes when you compute a scenario.

When a scenario changes your net income, it changes your cash flow. The system runs a sequential year-by-year waterfall:

Year 1:
  Base Cash from Ops          = $7.2M
  + NI Delta from Adjustments = -$3.3M (downside scenario)
  = New Cash from Ops         = $3.9M

  IF Cash < $500K minimum:  DRAW on LOC to reach $500K
  IF Cash > $500K AND LOC has a balance:  PAY DOWN LOC with excess

  → New LOC Balance → New Funded Debt → New Leverage
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Leverage changes in two ways in a downside scenario: EBITDA goes down (bad for leverage) AND funded debt goes up (more LOC drawn). This compounds the covenant impact. Year 1's LOC balance becomes Year 2's starting point.

Step 8—Stress Test Covenants

Switch to the Covenant Dashboard tab. This is the executive decision-making view.

DSCR Table

Shows Debt Service Coverage Ratio for every scenario across every year:

The cushion shown (+$X.XM) tells you how much EBITDA could drop before hitting the threshold.

Leverage Table

Funded Debt / Adj. EBITDA for every scenario. Inverted from DSCR—lower is better. Green ≤2.63x, Yellow ≤3.50x, Red >3.50x. The cushion shows how much additional debt you could absorb before breaching—useful when evaluating whether you can take on acquisition debt under each scenario.

Recommended Scenario Structures

Standard Three-Way

ScenarioAdjustmentsPurpose
Base Case ⭐None (auto)Current plan
Upside+15% revenue, +$500K bonusBest case—all wins materialize
Downside−20% revenue, −10% indirect non-labor, lose 1–2 contractsStress test—what breaks?

Sensitivity Analysis

ScenarioAdjustmentsPurpose
Revenue Only−15% revenuePure demand shock
Cost Only−10% indirect non-labor, −8% indirect laborPure cost reduction
Contract LossLose specific contract XSingle-event risk
CombinedAll of the aboveCompound stress

The Operator's View

Arcvue has grown to offer a lot, but the original impetus for building it was simpler than it might appear. The ability to actually see your financial data—never mind visualize it—is a gap in almost every ERP on the market. Tools like Power BI and Tableau close the visualization gap, and they’re genuinely powerful. But even with a great implementation, you’re still left with a fundamental problem: a wealth of historical data and nothing but Excel to model what the future might look like.

That’s the gap Scenario Manager was built to close. Every change to a P&L or balance sheet has a ripple effect somewhere else—that’s the nature of business operations and accounting. Model a contract loss and you’re not just moving a revenue line. You’re touching direct labor, fringe, accounts receivable, wages payable, cash from operations. The list goes on, and Excel doesn’t chase it down for you.

We’ve lived through the 11PM Friday version of this problem—staring at a recompete submission due Monday, running mental math in the shower, ruminating on the downside without any real evidence to anchor to. We don’t want that for anyone. Go to Arcvue, model the contract loss, select the contract, and hit enter. You may not like what you see. But you can solve a known problem, or at least prepare for one. It’s the unknown that causes sleepless nights.

Common Questions

Do I need to recompute scenarios when the base case changes?
Yes. When you run Compute All from the Dashboard, the base case updates, but existing scenarios still reflect their old computation. Click Compute Scenario on each adjusted scenario to recalculate against the new base.
Can I have multiple revenue adjustments in the same scenario?
Yes—they accumulate. A +10% revenue change plus a −$2M revenue dollar change means revenue goes up 10%, then drops by $2M.
What's the difference between 'All Years' and a specific year?
"All Years" applies the adjustment to every forecast year. A specific year applies it to that year only—useful for one-time events like a contract loss that only affects one year.
Why does my bonus change even though I didn't add a bonus adjustment?
When you change revenue, the system auto-adjusts bonus based on the gross profit impact. To prevent this, add an explicit Bonus Override of $0—that locks the bonus at zero change.
The covenant dashboard shows red. What do I do?
A red DSCR or Leverage cell means the scenario would breach your bank covenant. Options: (1) model cost reductions to see if they prevent the breach, (2) discuss with your lender about a waiver or amendment, or (3) identify which specific contract wins would bring you back to compliance.